Knee OA is said to increase, most likely due to aging and the increasing number of the population becoming obese (Heidari, 2011). The symptoms of knee osteoarthritis vary according to the cause of the problem. The most common symptom of knee OA is pain which is either dull, sharp, intermittent, or constant in nature. The range of motion of the knee also decreases. Upon further clinical examination, popping or grinding sounds may also be heard with reported muscle weakness as well. These features usually manifest as things related to difficulty in walking, climbing stairs, performing house chores, and ultimately have a negative psychological impact on life (Mahir, 2016). Malik et al., in their study, determined the prevalence along with the quality of life in people with Knee OA in Pakistan and found that the mean age of the participants was 48.96±6.804 years, with the majority of the individuals being female. Furthermore, it was found that the prevalence of Knee OA was seen in middle-aged adults and the people affected with this disease had a moderately affected quality of life (Malik, 2022). This study was designed to assess the benefits of PEMT and US on knee OA patients on the basis of range of motion. The current study was successfully able to see that the range of motion did improve significantly in both groups. Both the PEMT and US groups showed similarly significant difference differences. These findings are in line with another study conducted by Pipitone et al, who found a statistically significant effect in terms of range of motion and pain in individuals with knee OA (Pipitone, 2001). Another study conducted by Samaan et al used high-intensity laser therapy and low-level pulsed ultrasound to see its effect and found that both were effective in improving knee range of motion (Samaan, 2022). Another study conducted compared high-level laser therapy and pulsed electromagnetic field on chronic nonspecific lower back pain and found that both of these physiotherapeutic modalities can be useful in treating chronic nonspecific lower back pain (Abdelbasset, 2021). Using PEMFT leads to a reduction in joint and muscular discomfort, reduces edema in the joint, improves mobility of the joint, decreases disability, and overall improves the quality of life. These findings can be compared to our study as well (van Nguyen, 2002). Studies pertaining to ultrasound's efficacy on knee OA are said to be few in number. However, one study, conducted by Kozanglu et al compared the efficacy of ibuprofen and US treatment and concluded that both modalities were helpful in improving knee range of motion, a finding consistent with our own (Kozanoglu, 2003). It is safe to say that both therapeutic modalities are beneficial, however, it is necessary to conduct more studies and larger randomized clinical trials to validate the findings.

The study compared the effects of ultrasound (US) and pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy on knee osteoarthritis. Pulsed electromagnetic field treatment and pulsed ultrasound were shown to be beneficial in lowering discomfort during activities, according to the findings of this study both ultrasound and pulsed electromagnetic field therapy effectively improved the range of motion in patients with knee osteoarthritis.